This article is devoted to the selection of elements and criteria of the inflectional system of the Russian language in the process of verbal communication by sound physiological principle. Based on the cognitive elements and criteria of sound quantity of language units, we distinguish the progressive inflected system of verbal communication in Russian. The first semantic criterion, in which we investigate a set of phonetic variations of sounds expressing basic elements of thinking, contributes to the selection of the second criterion – morphonological. The second criterion depends on the phonetic changes occurring with different combinations of sounds in the process of verbal activity, and serves as an indicative basis for the syntactic criterion, which is based on the first two language levels. It is clearly shown when the verbal communication of inflected system of a language is done. All the above mentioned elements and criteria specify each other, forming a coherent cognitive chain of verbal activity, which serves as a basis for the principle of progressive cognitive activity of the inflected system of the Russian language. The semantic criterion formed by main elements expressing the lexical meaning of roots, will be changed by the vowel alteration. The changing of vowel quantity causes the change of consonant quantity in the same syllable and other syllables. These sound changes lead to inflectional categorization recognized by ear as a change of sound quantity in the verbal communication. Recognized as semantic and grammatical markers, the sound quantity changes give the words its grammatical indicators like male and female markers by which the declination of words will be recognized audibly.   

Keywords: Cognitive elements and criteria, cognitive activity, verbal communication, inflectional system, sound quantity, Russian language
Raheem Ali Al-foadi

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